Cane seating



(No Model) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. G. WATKINS. LOOM POR WEAVING GANE SEATING.

No. 539,601. Patented May 21, 1895.

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LooM POE 'WEAVING GANE SEATING.

No. 539,601. l

Patented May 2l, 1895.

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E. G. WATKINS. 4LOOM PoR WEAVING GANE SEATING.

Patented May 21, 1.895.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. I

EDWARD G. wATKINS, or GARDNER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR To nEYwooD BROS. a co., oF SAME PLACE.

LOOM-FOR WEAVING CANE SEATING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 539,601, dated May 21, 1895. v

Application filed January 5, 1895. Serial No. 533,899- (No model.)

.To aZZ whom t may concern: 1

Be it known that I, EDWARD G. WATKINSy of Gardner, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Looms for Weaving Cane Seating, ot' which the following.r is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in looms for weaving the diagonal strand into the cane seating fabric used for chairs, and consists in the novel features of construction and relative arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described in the specification, clearly illustrated in the drawings and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying three sheets of drawings, forming a part of this application, in-which like characters indicate like parts wherever they occur.

Figure l is a top plan view of a loom embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the loom shown in Fig. l. Fig. Sis an end elevation thereof. Fig.4 is atop plan View of the raceway, showing the strand-carrier and shed-forming mechanism. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view, enlarged, onfthe line 6 6 of Fig. 5. Figs. 7 and 8 are detail views of the shed-formerand strand-carrier in its two Vdifferent positions-that is, unsheathed in Fig. 7 and sheathed in Fig. 8. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the raceway, reciprocating head, and its associated parts. Fig. 10 isa detail view of the nut by which rotary motion is imparted to the shed-former. Fig. 11 is an end elevation of a portion of the table c and the guide d, showing the guide in position.

In the manufacture of cane seating, after the fabrichas been Woven, the ordinary warp and weft are at right angles to each other, the weft and warp being spaced apart to form small squares. Then the diagonal strand stock is introduced into the fabric in order to strengthen it and to make' the small openings through the fabric more nearly in the form of a circle. This has been done previous to my invention, either by running the diagonal strand through by a needle held in the hand, or by machines having clamps for forcing the fabric apart to form a shed. Both ofthese expediente are objectionable, the former by reason of the time required and the latter by reason of the complication of the mechanism employed and the slowness of the work.

My improved loom A for inserting thisi diagonal strand has a suitable frame work consisting of uprights (d) and cross-pieces p (a). These may be of any desired construction or arrangement. -A supply-roll (a2) and 6o a take-up roll (as) are secured in suitable bearings attached to opposite endsof the-loom. The fabric (so) passesjup over a roll mounted at the top of the uprights (a) to which the Supply-roll (a2) is secured; thence- 65 `the fabric passes in a horizontal line over a table (c) supported upon uprights (c) resting on cross-pieces (d), then over a roll (d5), journaled in the uprights (a) to which the take-up roll (as) is secured, and between the 7a roll (0.5) and a roll (a4) journaied in said uprights immediately below the roll M5); thence to the take-up rolltd). The shaft ot' the roll v (d5) is provided with a ratchet-wheel (as). A handle (a7) is mounted loosely on this shaft 73 provided with a pawl (as) arranged to engage the ratchet-teeth on the wheel (a6) and thus impart motion to the roll (d5), whence by means of i the pressure between the rolls (d4) and (a5) the fabric is drawn along over the 8o vtable (o) from the supply-roll to the take-up roll. Stops (a9) are arranged to engage the ends ofthe handle (a7) to limit its movement, the amount of movement being the distance from one diagonal strand to another. 85

The features so far described may be varied indefinitely, I having shown them as a convenient arrangement, but many modifications will at once suggest themselves to any one skilled in the art.

Projecting from and secured to one side of the framework is a raceway (c2) the outer end of which is supported by means of a brace (c5) secured to the end of Said raceway and to one of the uprights (a) of the loom frame. Upon the top of this raceway are supported two guides (c3) having beveled edges (di) pro'- jecting into the raceway. Upon the end of the raceway that is secured to the loom is attached a nut (n) provided with interior screwro: threads having a pitch corresponding to the pitch of the turns in the Shed-fermento be e teaser hereinafter described. Mounted in this raceway is a reciprocating head (F). This consists of a shell having grooves to engage the beveled edges of the guides and having on its interior a reciprocating bar. This shell is made up of side-pieces (f) having projecting flanges (f) to engage the beveled edges of the guides. These side-pieces (f) are secured in any convenient way to top and bottom plates (fx). Mounted in the shell is a reciprocating bar (e) having a central longitudinal aperture (e) and provided on its top sides with slots (r) (r') arranged to be engaged by U-shaped latches (r2) (r3) straddling this bar and extending d'own between the bar and the side-pieces (f). Vhen in their normal position in these slots, the latches lock the bar and shell together. But one of these latches is in its slot at a time so that when th e latch in the slot is raised, as hereinafter described, the shell may be slid along over the bar. A leaf-spring (f5) secured to a block (f6) on the top plate (fx) has its ends bearing respectively upon these latches (r2) (r3) in order to retain them in their normal position until acted upon by the inelines (r4) (1'5), respectively at the inner and outer ends of the raceway. The lower ends of these latches (r2) (r3) are beveled as at (f4) in opposite directions, as shown in Fig. 5. The beveled ends of these latches are arranged to engage the iuclines (r4) (T5) and raise the latch while a stud (r6) projecting from the bar (e) through a slot fr21 in the lower plate (fx) between said latches is arranged to strike against the inclines and act as a stop for the bar, permitting the shell to slide upon said bar. Thus it will be seen that these latches alternately act to release the shell from the bar while the stud (r6) stops the bar and permits the shell to be slid upon the bar. head to be moved to the right seeFig. 9, the latch (r2) being in its slot and the latch (r3) raised and the shell and bar locked together, now, as the head is pushed toward the inner end of the raceway, the beveled end of the latch (r2) will strike the incline (r4) aud said latch will be raised and the bar and shelll unlocked, the continued movement toward the right bringing said stud (r6) against the end of theincline (r4) stopping the bar and permitting the shell to slide upon the bar until the latch (r3) drops into its slot (r), thus stopping the sliding movement of the shell ou the bar, and the movement of the head. Then the head moves in the opposite direction the latch (r3) acts to release the shell and the stud (r6) acts as a stop as above. The parts are so spaced and arranged that the stud strikes against the inclines (r4) (T5) to stop the bar immediately before the sliding movement of the shell upon the bar is to take place and immediately after the latches have been raised.

The positions of the several parts above described at the inner and outer end of the raceway are clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 9.

Supposing thev (e3) represents a bar similar to the bar (e) secured in the outer end of the shell with a central longitudinal aperture (e4).

(e5) represents a handle having a screwthreaded end (c6) arranged to engage a screwthreaded aperture (e7) in the shell and in the bar (e3) and to protrude into the aperture (e4).

(s) represents my improved shed-former. This has the general structure and arrangement of a worm,.the pitch of which is arranged to correspond to the diagonal distance of the squares in the cane fabric, and also correspend to the pitch of the screw-threads inthe nut (n). At its outerfree end, preferably in the last turn of the worm, there is formed an enlargement (s) provided with an aperture (s2). At its other end this shed-'former is made with close coils (s3) soldered together and secured in a sleeve (t). A set-screw (15') mounted in this sleeve impinges upon this part of the shed-former and holds the latter in said sleeve. This sleeve is mounted upon a nipple (t4) screwed or otherwise secured in the inner end of the bar (c). This nipple is provided with an aperture (66) corresponding to and forming a continuation ofthe aperture (e') in the bar (e). A cap (t2) is secured by screw-threads upon the end of the sleeve (t) but loose on the nipple (t). The adjacent parts of the sleeve (t), the cap (t2) and thenipple (t4) are provided with grooves in which are placed anti-friction balls (t3). By this construction and arrangement the sleeve with the shed-former is secured to the nipple and free to turn thereon.

(h) represents my improved diagonal strandcarrier which is arranged within the turns of the shed-former, passes through the apertures in the nipple (t1) and the block (e), and is secured in the block (e3) by means of the screw-threaded end of the handle (e5). By this arrangement it will be seen that the diagonal strand carrier is secured to the shell of the head but is freeto reciprocate in the bar (c) and in the shed-former. At its free end this diagonal strand carrier passes through the aperture (s2) in the enlargement (s) which serves as a sheath for said carrier while the shed is being formed. The carrier at its free end is provided with an aperture (t) in which the canestock is inserted. The construction and arrangement of the parts are such that when the head is pushed inward to .insert the shedformer in the fabric, the end of the carrier is sheathed in the enlargement (3); that is to say, thelpart of the head F are in the position shown in Fig. 9. When, however, the head reaches the inner end of the raceway, the latch` (r2) is thrown up as heretofore described, the shell and bar are unlocked, and the shell is slid upon the bar, thus forcing the carrier out from the shed-former. (See Fig. 7.) The canestoek is then introduced into the aperture (h') either by hand or machinery, as is desired. The head F is then drawn back to its original position. As it reaches the outer end of the raceway, the latch (r3) strikes the incline and IIO again unlocks the shell and bar, permitting the shell to slide and Withdraw the free end of the carrier within its sheath or the enlargement (s).

The operation of the shed-former is as follows: Inserting the free end of the shed former at any juncture of the regular Warp and weft and pushing it across the fabric,vthe shed-former Will travel in a diagonal line and coil about the several junctures of the regular Warp and weft in that line. During this operation the enlargement (3') in which the free end of the carrier is sheathed spreads the to the operation of the device is yet a very useful adjunct since it compels the shedformer to turn without exerting any strain upon the fabric. But for this the fabric would have to take the strain occasioned by compel- Moreover, by

ling the shed-former toV turn. having this nut the shed can be formed With certainty at a particular point, the shedformer being assured ofentering the fabric at the desired place.

The table (c) is provided With a channel (c6) running diagonally of said table and in contin nation of the line of the raceway and forms a trough in Which to guide the shed-former and in which the shed-former turns. It is as a matter of fact a sort of a continuation of the nut.

' (d) represents the fabric adjuster and holder composed of side-bars (d4) and crossbars (d). This fabric adjuster and holder is intended to extend across the fabric in a diagonal line over the channel (c6) and, is provided With pins that are arranged to eX- tendinto the square openings in the fabric and pass into openings (cs) in the table (c). Thus the fabric is heid against anytendency toward distortion and the particular place in the fabric Where the shed-.former should enter is presented with certainty each time in the proper place lfor the shed-former, to engage. As stated above, this fabric adjuster and holder is arranged along the diagonal line in which the shed-former travels. As fast as one diagonal strand is introduced the fabric adjuster and holder is removed by any suitable means as a handle, the fabric is changed to present a place for a new diagonal strand, the fabric adjuster and holder is inserted and the head F is given another reciprocation. Any number of these heads may be used together, in gangs'if desired but the structure and operation would be the same as for one.

I have not attempted to set forth all the forms in which my invention may be embodied, but have here shown a preferred form.

device may be applied to the stock on the opposite side of the loom from the raceway.

Having thus'explai'ned the nature of my invention and described a Way of constructing and using the same, though Without attempting to set forth all of the forms in which it may be made or all of the modes of its use, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l.y In a loom, in combination, a suitable framework, a rotary shed-former, a reciproeating carrier located Within said former, and separate means for carrying and operating said parts, substantially' as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a loom, in combination, a suitable frame-Work, a reciprocating head, a rotary shedformer connected to said head, a reciprocating carrier located Within said former and also connected to said head, means for reciprocating said head, and means for reciprocating said carrier at the end of each movement of said head, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a loom, in combination, a suitable frame-Work provided with a raceway, an internal screw-threaded nut on said frame at the end of said raceway, a reciprocating head mounted in said raceway, a rotary shed former connected to said head and arranged to turn in said nut, a reciprocating carrier located Within said shed former and connected to said head, means for reciprocating said head, and means for reciprocating said carrier at the end of each movement of said head, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a loom, in combination, a suitable IOO IIO

frame-Work, a rotary helical shaped shed mounted in said raceway, a rotary helical-A shaped shed former connected to said head and provided at its free end with an apertured enlargement, a reciprocating carrier located within said formerA and aperture, said carrier being connected at one end to said head and provided with an aperture at its free end,

means for reciprocating said head, and means for respectively sheathing and unsheathing said carrier during the forward and return movement of said head, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a loom, in combination, a suitable frame-work, a raceway, a reciprocating head mounted in said way comprising a shell and an inclosed centrally apertured reciprocating bar, latches for holding said bar and shell together, a rotary helical-shaped shed former connected to said bar at one end and provided near its free end with an apertured enlargement, a reciprocating carrier arranged within said former and bar and aperture and free to slidetherein but connected to said shell, means for reciprocating said head, means near the ends of said raceway to litt said latches and permit said shell to slide upon said bar to respectively protrude and withdraw said carrier at the end of the forward and backward lnovement of said head, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. A head comprising a shell and an apertured bar arranged within said shell, an apertured nipple secured in said bar and provided with an exterior groove, a sleeve provided with a cap mounted upon said nipple, said cap and sleeve being provided with grooves registering with the groove in the nipple antifriction balls mounted in said groove a rotary shed-former connected to said nipple, and a carrier located within said former and connected to said shell, substan-` tially as and for the purpose set forth.

S. A head comprising a shell, a sliding bar mounted in said shell and provided with slots (r) (7"),spring pressed latches (r2) (r3) mounted on said shell and arranged to alternately engage said slots, inclines (r4) (T5) arranged to alternately engage said latches to move them out of engagement with said slots, a rotary shed-former connected to said bar, and a carrier located within said former and connected to said shell substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. A head combined with a rotary shedformer comprisingin its construction a worm or helically formed wire (s) provided near its free end with an enlargement (s) apertured as at (s2), and acarrier secured to said head and mounted within said shed-former and aperture, and having a longitudinal movement independent of said former whereby its end is sheathed and unsheathed by the enlargement (s), substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

lO. In a loom, in combinatioma suitable framework, a reciprocating head, a rotary shed-former connected to said head a reciprocating carrier located within said shed-former and also connected to said head, a table provided with a channel in line with the line of travel of said head and provided with apertures upon thesides of said channel, and a fabric adjuster and holder having pins arranged to pass through the fabric and enter said apertures, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specication, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 22d day ot' December, A. D. 1894.

EDWARD G. VVATKINS.

Witnesses:

A. D. HARRISON, RoLLIN ABELL. 

